Remote sensing-based deformation monitoring of pagodas at the Bagan cultural heritage site, Myanmar

As a World Cultural Heritage site with sacred landscape featuring an exceptional range of Buddhist art and architecture, much attention has been focused on the sustainable development Bagan (Myanmar). Particularly, monitoring surface subsidence monument instability is great importance to protection planning heritage site. In this study, we applied high resolution TerraSAR-X imagery acquired from 2019 2020 for deformation based small baseline subset (SBAS) persistent scatterer synthetic aperture radar interferometry (PSInSAR) approaches. We identified several hotspots pagodas displacement anomalies linked land cover change previous earthquakes. The cross comparison between SBAS PSInSAR precision height estimates derived by indicated millimetric products. combination two multi-temporal SAR approaches satisfies two-scale requirements landscapes monuments, particularly large-scale sites. non-contact method potential when traditional methods using field accessibility surveillance are constrained.